lots of individual particles of ice and rock . Part d orbital resonance also gives europa an. Part a io experiences tidal heating primarily because. a. The results could inform future missions, such as Europa Clipper. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. a) it is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily. This friction generates the heat that is responsible for making Io the most active volcanic place in the solar system! The process by which this occurs is known as tidal heating. Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. There are a number of explainable patterns among the moons, all related to the fact that the inner moons (starting with Io) experiences the greater tidal distortions which leads to the most heat being delivered to the core. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. Io is located very close to Jupiter. 1. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Upload to Study. We now know of many Jupiter-size planets around other stars. PHYS. 02–0. a subsurface ocean of water because large impacts will break the thin crust causing water and slushy ice below to flood out and. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. is farther from Jupiter. b) it is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily. e-radio waves. Expert Help. -experiences the most tidal heating. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. Start studying AST 101: Lesson 6. a) it is located very close to Jupiter. light. Ganymede : - largest moon in the solar system. Students. physics. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Tidal heating is a phenomenon that occurs when the gravitational pull of a nearby massive object, such as a planet or moon, causes tidal forces on a celestial body. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Chapter 11. Based on this diagram, "red sequence" galaxies are __________ than "blue cloud" galaxies. An antenna loosens and becomes detached from a satellite in a circular orbit around the Earth. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. b-brighter than normal because X rays carry more energy than visible light photons. Io is made of relatively soft materials thatdeform quite easily, 2. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. b) it is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily. a. . is farther from Jupiter. The tidal force varies. io has an elongated shape that makes it look. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. 0 billion years? 2. In this paper, Stanton Peale and colleagues proposed that Io's interior should be largely molten because of heat generated by the tidal stressing experienced. hints io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io is made of relatively soft materials thatdeform quite easilyIo has an unusually elongated shape that Io experiences tidal heating primarily because __________. option D What is Tidal heating? By tidal friction processes, heat is released from orbital and rotational energy in the ocean's surface as well as from a planet's or satellite's interior. ongoing contraction or differentiation. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. As you saw in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Tidal heating of Io (also known as tidal working) occurs through the tidal friction processes between Jupiter and its moon. New models of Io's equilibrium thermal state are constructed using self-consistent calculations of tidal. Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. Active volcanoes on Io D. It is strongest when. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. the heating of a planet or moon's interior by variable tidal forces caused by changing gravitational pull from a nearby planet or moon. Part A Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io is made of relatively soft materials thatdeform quite easily B. Problem Set 10. This elliptical orbit, in turn, is a result of the orbital resonance among Io, Europa, and Ganymede. , Atmospheric characteristics of all four jovian planets, Jovian storms are: and more. , As you saw in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. 6. Solutions available. Upload to Study. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Life beneath the surface of Europa would most likely obtain energy from, Io experiences tidal heating primarily because of, The largest Jovian moon that appears to have been captured is and more. C. . The findings also present a number of insights into how tidal heating might operate on icy moons, with implications on the potential thickness of icy shells and depth of subsurface oceans on moons like Enceladus and Europa. 2. As you learned in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. 4. Io is unique in our Solar System because it gets most of its internal energy from this tidal heating, providing an ideal laboratory for improving our understanding of this fundamental process that plays a key role in the thermal and orbital evolution of the Moon, satellites in the outer Solar System, and extrasolar planets. Io has an unusually elongated shape that makesit. On Io, a heat flux of roughly 2 W m −2 is accommodated by advecting large amounts of molten rock to the surface in "heat-pipe" volcanism (Moore et al. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. Io periodically passes Europa and Ganymede in the same orbital. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets?, Look at the densities of the jovian planets given in Figure 1. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. Wind, sunlight, and the planet. Which of the following represent these four major features?, Consider only the first major feature, which concerns observed patterns of motion in the solar system. Suppose that future observations show that one of. Slightly larger than Earth's moon, Io is the fourth-largest moon in the Solar System, has the highest density of any moon, the strongest surface gravity of any moon, and the lowest amount of water (by atomic ratio) of any known astronomical object in the Solar System. introductory-astronomy; 11. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Answer: Io’s elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. Io’s volcanoes are thought to be fueled by tidal heating, a stretching-and-squeezing process whereby gravitational forces treat the inside of Io like a stress ball as the moon swings around Jupiter. b) it is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily. Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. Io. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits. The moon of Jupiter is volcanic. is farther from Jupiter. Process of Science: Tidal Heating Part A Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter The strength of the tidal force depends on Io's distance from Jupiter, so the tidal force varies as Io moves around its elliptical orbit. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. Jupiter & Saturn-Made of mostly hydrogen and helium-Very small components of rock and metal Uranus & Neptune-Much smaller than Jupiter and Saturn-Smaller compounds of hydrogen and helium-Hydrogen compounds such as-Water-Methane-Ammonia-Smaller components of rock and metalJupiter & Saturn-Made of mostly hydrogen and helium-Very small components of rock and metal Uranus & Neptune-Much smaller than Jupiter and Saturn-Smaller compounds of hydrogen and helium-Hydrogen compounds such as-Water-Methane-Ammonia-Smaller components of rock and metalBoth stars have the same luminosity, but the apparent brightness of Star B is four times that of Star A. Io tidal heating. b) it is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily. and more. a. The distance from Jupiter to Iot is approximately 422,000 kilometers. chapter 11. resonance. Prior research has suggested that Io, one of Jupiter's moons, is the most volcanically active object in the solar system. Note in the video the tidal stretching of io is. is more perfectly spherical in shape d. is the largest biofuels consumer in Canada–primarily because of its large forestry sector that generates electricity from waste wood. Because of Europa’s location between Io and the more massive Ganymede, it also undergoes this sameMost planetary scientists were staggered to find active volcanoes on Io, but not the authors of a paper that had been published in the journal Science just a few days before Voyager 1 arrived at Jupiter. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. question. Click the card to flip 👆. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like what are the two types of planets?, Name the terrestrial planets, what are the terrestrial planets like and more. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. This leads to gravitational flexing or kneading in their centers, which can heat them—an effect called tidal heating. d-infrared light. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. is farther from Jupiter. an orbital condition in which one object is subject to periodic gravitational perturbations by another, most commonly arising when two objects orbiting a third have periods of. The major heating source of Earth an…Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Europa. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets?, Which of the following statements best explains why the densities of Uranus and Neptune are higher than that of Saturn, even though Saturn is much more massive?,. Start studying HW 10 CHP 11,12,24 (AS 101). Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. c) it is located very close to Jupiter. This can be because of the tidal heating that occurred when the moon was captured. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. Io has an unusually elongated shape that makesit look more like an egg than a sphereIo is a mysterious place - by all means, this small moon of Jupiter should be cold and hard to the core. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. This orbital resonance causes Io to have a more. 7. As you learned in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. 24 ± 0. Answer: a group of manufacturers. Io experiences strong tidal heating primarily because:-Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits JupiterStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like , What is the most geologically active world we know of in the solar system?, What is Pluto's current classification and more. a group of end users of products. It is located very close to Jupiter d. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. Luminosity is an intrinsic property, so two identical stars will always have the same luminosity. Suppose that future observations show. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. , The jovian planets in our solar system are _____. Io has an unusually elongated shape that makesit look more like an egg than a sphere, 3. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets?, Which of the following statements best explains why the densities of Uranus and Neptune are higher than that of Saturn, even though Saturn is much more massive?,. The tidal force varies. The tidal response can be obtained using the mass and momentum conservation equations for both layers under appropriate boundary conditions. is farther from Jupiter. (c)Jupiter has three moons for which there is evidence of a global, subsurface ocean of. Doc Preview. 2012). 2/1/2021. internal friction in the moon’s structure. Particles in the inner rings orbit Saturn at a faster speed than particles in the outer rings. is farther from Jupiter Feedback: It is Jupiter's gravity that exerts the primary tidal force on the Galilean moons, and both this force and the difference in this force across a moon (the source of tidal heating) weaken with distance from Jupiter. 2FortisBC uses the term renewable and low-carbon gas to refer collectively to the low-carbon gases or fuels that the utility can acquire under the Greenhouse Gas. The tidal force is the constant throughout Io's orbit. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. Io is the innermost and third-largest of Jupiter’s four Galilean moons. primarily hydrogen/helium, while U/N primarily hydrogen compounds (H2O, CH4, NH3). a) it is located very close to Jupiter. C. Io orbits Jupiter on an elliptical orbit, due to orbital resonances with other satellites. This elliptical orbit, in turn, is a result of the orbital resonance among Io, Europa, and Ganymede. Io is located very close to Jupiter. This elliptical orbit, in turn, is a result of the orbital resonance among Io, Europa, and Ganymede. Thus, the surface of Io is constantly renewing itself, filling in any impact craters with molten lava lakes and spreading smooth new floodplains of liquid. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as io orbits jupiter. On Europa, the tidal heating may have heated its interior enough to melt ice and produce a subsurface ocean. is farther from Jupiter It is Jupiter's gravity that exerts the primary tidal force on the Galilean moons, and both this force and the difference in this force across a moon (the source of tidal heating) weaken with distance from Jupiter. Part A - Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. (Hint: If the orbital period of one were 1. Io has a similar mass and size as the Moon, but Io is the most geologically active body in the Solar System. in Physics & Space Science. d) it has an elongated shape that makes it look more like an egg than a sphere. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Mars's seasonal winds are driven primarily by _____. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____ Its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter As you saw in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. in Physics & Space Science. Identified Q&As 31. B. In a complex kind of modern dance, the large moons of Jupiter are caught in the varying gravity grip of both the giant planet and each other. C. c) it has an elongated shape that makes it look more like an egg than a sphere. Although there are no oceans on Io, its "solid ground" tides are more than five times as high as the highest ocean tides on Earth! Actually, Earth has solid ground tides too, but they amount to less than 20 centimeters (about 8 inches). Rank the scenarios from weakest to strongest tidal force exerted on a moon by a planet. This process is also facilitated by Io's elliptical orbit which varies the gravitational forces acting on it during its orbit around Jupiter. Its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits JupiterPart A Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Suppose sulfur dioxide currently makes up 1 % of Io's mass. Io experiences strong tidal heating primarily because _____. “Basically, if you push any object or system and let go, it will wobble. View full document. As you saw in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. It is strongest when Io is closest to Jupiter. a. Identify the statements that correctly describe the characteristics of storm systems on Jupiter. 15 terms. On Io, this heating produces volcanic activity that is far more active and intense than volcanism on Earth. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io, one of Jupiter's moons, experiences strong internal tidal heating primarily due to **tidal forces**. Expert Help. Prelecture Video Tidal Heating Learning Goal To understand how we use the theory from PHYS 112 at University of Illinois, Chicago. Pages 20. Suppose that future observations show that one. Tidal heating happens when the gravity of an object is strong enough to flex and bend a planet or moon in orbit around it. it has an elongated shape that makes it look more like an egg than a sphere. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. Can you identify a trend in jovian planet densities with mass or distance from the Sun?, Which of. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter ---the strength of tiday force depends on Io's distance from Jupiter, so the tidal force varies as Io moves around its elliptical orbit. (Without the orbital resonance with Europa and Ganymede, Io's orbit would be more circular and there would be much less tidal heating. In a complex kind of modern dance, the large moons of Jupiter are caught in the varying gravity grip of both the giant planet and each other. This can be because of the tidal heating that occurred when the moon was captured. io is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily. This elliptical orbit, in turn, is a result of the orbital resonance among Io, Europa, and Ganymede. This elliptical orbit, in turn, is a result of the orbital resonance among Io, Europa, and Ganymede. Tidal force is known to beStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Io experiences tidal heating primarily because, Orbital resonance also gives Europa an elliptical orbit, so it experiences tidal heating, too. “, “answer”: “its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. PROBLEM1 ThefollowingimagesshowEarthandthefourjovianplanetsofoursolarsystemRank from ASTRONOMY 120 at Nonesuch School. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. Jupiter’s moon Io is unique in our Solar System. it is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily. Size: Io has a mean. You may watch the video again at any point. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like what makes up the solar system?, Terrestrial planets, Jovian Planets and more. In the bottom case, tidal heating occurs at shallower depths, in its asthenosphere, resulting in the majority of Io’s. 1. (A fuller explanation is given in the section on Io. a) it is located very close to Jupiter. A tidal force results from the unequal gravitational pull on two sides of a body. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. Suppose that future observations show that. Part A. Answer: A. A. Io is made of relatively soft materials thatdeform quite easily, 2. From Part A, Io's. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because ________. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Neither could erosional processes bury a continent on the time scale of human civilization. However, this is complicated by the sheer complexity of Io’s geology, coupled with the lack of complete data. Its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. But apparent brightness follows an inverse square law with distance, so the fact that Star A is twice as far away makes it 2 2 = 4 times dimmer. Saturn’s rings are composed of _____. Io is made of relatively soft materials thatdeform quite easily Io has an unusually elongated shape that makesit look more like an egg than a sphere Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force onIo to vary as it orbits JupiterStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like what is the ranking of Jovian planets distance from the S (closest to farthest), what is the ranking of Jovian planet's radius (smallest to largest), Jupiter and Saturn (2) and more. A) Lo has an unusually elongated shape that makes it look more like an egg than a sphere B) Lo is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily C) Lo's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter D) Lo is located very close to Jupitertidal heating. View full documentStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following statements about the moons of the jovian planets is NOT true?, 1. These gravitational forces create friction within Io, resulting in heat. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. Io is unique in our Solar System because it gets most of its internal energy from this tidal heating, providing an ideal laboratory for improving our understanding of this fundamental process that plays a key role in the thermal and orbital evolution of the Moon, satellites in the outer Solar System, and extrasolar planets. Io experiences strong tidal heating primarily because _____. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. It is strongest when Io is farthest from Jupiter and weakest when Io is closest to Jupiter. Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. While all the moons in our Solar System have their intriguing characteristics and. its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Io experiences tidal heating primarily because. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets?, Check the densities of the jovian planets. Io has an unusually elongated shape that makes it look more like an egg than a sphere Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter Io is located very close to Jupiter Io is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____ Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. TRUE . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like For the purposes of seeking a theory to explain the formation of the solar system, we identify four major features of our solar system. 12: Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____ A. c. Uploaded By blake434. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter From Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. Contours of tidal heating [W] in a two-layer Io as a function of viscosity (η) and shear modulus (μ) of the mantle. Answer: Io’s elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. answer. ANSWER: Hint 2. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Individual storm systems can interact, resulting in the. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. View full document. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. What moon is the most volcanically active. lo. When will Io run out of this gas at the current loss rate?, 1. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because __________ 1. If it will land on the Earth, describe where; if not, describe how it could be made to land on the Earth. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. As you saw in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. Which one is most important in explaining the tremendous tidal heating that occurs on Io? A) Io orbits Jupiter on an elliptical orbit, due to orbital resonances with other satellites. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets?, Look at the average densities of the jovian planets given in Figure 1. a-gray, black, and white like a medical X ray. CorporalAntelope1588. At this rate, what fraction of its mass would Io lose in 1. Study Resources. Question: A supply chain involves _____. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because __________. Log in Join. 45 W m (Lainey et al. , in search results, to enrich docs, and more. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter --- the strength of tiday force depends on Io's distance from Jupiter, so the tidal force varies as Io moves around its elliptical orbit. " Tidal heating is also thought to be responsible for oceans of liquid water likely to exist beneath the icy crusts of Europa and Saturn's moon Enceladus. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. This elliptical orbit, in turn, is a result of the orbital resonance among Io, Europa, and Ganymede. From Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. We now know of many Jupiter-size planets around other stars. This orbital resonance causes Io to have a more elliptical orbit than it would otherwise, because _____. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because. AST. The largest moon in the solar system is. b) it is made of relatively soft materials that deform quite easily. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets? A) Jupiter is made mostly of hydrogen, Saturn is made mostly of helium, Uranus is made mostly of hydrogen compounds, and Neptune is made mostly of rock. Answer: its elliptical orbit causes the tidal force to vary as Io orbits Jupiter. What planet has no solid surface, its outer layers are gaseous liquid, then. Identified Q&As 69. Question: Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. B. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets?, Look at the average densities of the jovian planets given in the figure. Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. The Earth and Moon also experience tidal deformation as the Moon orbits Earth, but the heat released is not significant for. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. As you saw in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. When it’s farther from Jupiter, the tidal effect is weaker and Io is more spherical. View full documentIo experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. hints io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io’s volcanoes are thought to be fueled by tidal heating, a stretching-and-squeezing process whereby gravitational forces treat the inside of Io like a stress ball as the moon swings around Jupiter. baileyvicks. [{“question”: “Io experiences tidal heating primarily because __________. View full documentIo experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. is farther from Jupiter. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as. As you saw in Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is. View full document. Tidal heating of Io (also known as tidal working) occurs through the tidal friction processes between Jupiter and its moon. Total views 100+ University of Illinois, Chicago. June 25, 2023 Dwayne Morise. Io is made of relatively soft materials thatdeform quite easilyIo has an unusually elongated shape that This problem has been solved! You'll get a detailed solution from a. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The planet in our solar system with the highest average surface temperature is _____. Io experiences tidal heating primarily because _____. However, Europa experiences less tidal heating than Io, because Europa _____ than Io. We consider a body whose outermost layers consist of an ocean, which might be stratified in layers of different densities, and a solid shell (Figure 1 ). answer. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter. Jupiter's moons are hot. Io periodically passes Europa and Ganymede in the same orbital position. Click the card to flip. obey any special signs or instructions as you pass. io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on io to vary as it orbits jupiter. Orbital resonance also gives Europa an elliptical orbit, so it experiences tidal heating, too. Io's elliptical orbit causes the tidal force on Io to vary as it orbits Jupiter From Part A, Io's elliptical orbit is necessary to its tidal heating. io has an elongated shape that makes it look.